Answer 45

45.  Choice D is the correct answer.  Maxzide and liberal water intake will make things worse.  Desmopressin has little if any effect on nephrogenic diabetes insipidus because the kidney is resistant to the ADH that is present.

Question 45

45.  Which of the following is part of the treatment of nephrogenic diabetes insipidus?

A.  Desmopressin
B.  Liberal water intake
C.  Maxzide
D.  A low solute sodium diet

Answer 44

44.  Choice D is the correct answer.  The effectiveness of repeating these tests once positive and medical therapy has been started has not been shown to be helpful.  The remainder of these answers are normal.  

Question 44

44.  All of the following are true regarding urinary albumin monitoring except:

A.  Abnormal results should be repeated 2-3 times over 3-6 months

B.  There is high rate of of false positives

C.  ACE inhibitors or Angiotensin Receptor Blockers are helpful in treating urinary albumin excretion

D.  These tests once confirmed positive should be repeated annually to assess the effectiveness of the ACE or ARB therapy.

Answer 43

43.  Choice D is the correct answer.  Klinefelter's Syndrome is not a cause of dwarfism.  Turner's syndrome is another chromosomal abnormality that can cause dwarfism.  Hypothyroidism,  Vitamin D Deficiency, and Growth Hormone Insufficiency are all causes of dwarfism.  

Question 43

43.  All of the following can be factors in dwarfism except:

A.  Hypothyroidism

B.  Vitamin D Deficiency

C.  Growth Hormone Insensitivity 

D.  Klinefelter's Syndrome

Answer 42

42.  Choice D is the correct answer.  In the case of nephrogenic diabetes insipidus, the posterior pituitary gland produces ADH but the kidney is resistant to it so there is excessive urinary output. So the patients ADH is normal.  With central diabetes insipidus, this would be a similar picture but the major difference is that the ADH would actually be low.  SIADH would show a high ADH and a low plasma sodium.  Addison Disease sodium would be low and ADH is not really affected.